Safety and occupational healthSH-006

Ozone backdraft during kiln shutdown maintenance

Lehigh Portland Cement Company · Union Bridge, Maryland, USA · 1997

Use this record when

The decision this case can inform

Use this record when shutdown work changes fan states or can reverse contaminant flow through a connected kiln, precipitator, duct, or enclosure.

Evidence scope

NIOSH health-hazard evaluation with a reproduced shutdown condition and direct measurements. Concentrations and flow paths are configuration-specific.

Source-supported facts

What the public record actually establishes

4 sourced points
  1. F1

    Maintenance workers reported a bleach-like odor with eye and respiratory irritation during kiln shutdown work.

  2. F2

    NIOSH reproduced the condition and attributed it to ozone from the electrostatic precipitator backdrafting while the induced-draft fan was off.

  3. F3

    Ozone measured 0.6–0.7 ppm in recreated conditions and above 0.7 ppm at a rear portal.

  4. F4

    A direct-reading instrument recorded 4.5 ppm in the evaluated configuration.

Structured interpretation

Facts and reported results are kept separate from the lesson a plant may choose to test.

01

Operating context

Kiln maintenance personnel reported a bleach-like odor and eye and respiratory irritation during shutdown.

02

Intervention or finding

NIOSH reproduced the condition and concluded ozone from the electrostatic precipitator backdrafted when the induced-draft fan was off.

03

Documented result

Ozone measured 0.6-0.7 ppm in recreated conditions, above 0.7 ppm at a rear portal, and 4.5 ppm on a direct-reading meter.

04

Plant interpretation

Evaluate connected-equipment contaminant migration for every shutdown ventilation state before entry.

05

Transfer boundary

Concentrations are configuration-specific and cannot be transferred to another plant.

Before applying the lesson

Questions to verify at your plant

These are decision checks, not operating instructions. Resolve them through local risk assessment, technical review, and authorization.

  1. 01

    For each shutdown state, where can contaminants migrate when normal pressure relationships disappear?

  2. 02

    Which connected sources remain energized or chemically active after process shutdown?

  3. 03

    Are ventilation states, atmospheric testing locations, and entry criteria defined for maintenance—not only production?

  4. 04

    What indication would warn workers that flow has reversed or a contaminant has entered the work zone?